The Ultimate Guide To Stock Investing For Complete Beginners

There`s hardly a single person today who has heard about the passive income that investing can consistently bring in. There are many examples: from the great financiers to the most ordinary people. Experience increasingly shows that you do not need to have a college degree or work for large investment funds to be effective at investing. Successful people say that poverty is the result of doing the wrong things, but wealth and success are the results of doing the right things.

So how do you start investing? Where is the best place to invest money? How to stay ahead of the market? Read on for answers to these and many other questions in this article.

What Is Investment: What To Start With?

Investment is putting money into a project to make a profit. Investors expect to receive two types of income:

• Dividend income is the money a company pays its investors out of retained earnings. Many companies are interested in additional financing and are willing to reward investors for this through dividend payments.
• Increase in the value of an investment. Suppose you buy a stock for $10 and later sell it for $25. That $15 is the appreciation in value.

This is how professional investors choose companies to earn both of these types of returns. The bottom line is that investment income is a combination of dividend income and investment appreciation.

Investing For Beginners: First Steps

Investments are, first of all, work with money. The principle of effective investing is quite simple: invest your money, time, and energy in what brings you income, and reject what increases your losses. What does this mean in practice? First of all, it's important to sort out your trading fees. The more profitable they are for you, the better.

Trading and investing can only be done through a broker. That is, if you want to buy a stock on the exchange, you have to open an account with a broker and use it to purchase the desired stock. Brokers differ in the amount of commissions, the range of trading instruments, and many other parameters.

To obtain quick information about a broker's trading conditions, use the trader's calculator and contracts` specifications.

How To Invest Wisely: Top 3 Tips From Professionals

How do professional investors choose what to invest in? They follow predetermined rules and make decisions based on them. Everyone can either come up with these rules on their own or trust the experience of investors with years of experience.

Let's look at the three main rules when investing.

Buy Only What You Are Good At

Stock market investing guru Warren Buffett said, "Risk comes from not knowing what you're doing." Don't invest until you find an asset you understand.

How do you start to get knowledgeable? We offer many options:

• Pick a sector or companies that interest you. Do you like technology and modern technology? Explore companies in the NASDAQ 100 Index or Tech.ETF. Like the oil and gas industry? Research Brent and WTI and oil & gas ETFs;
• Study public company financials. These are usually found on the companies' official websites in the Investor Relations section;
• Follow trading recommendations by financial market experts. They often include non-trivial ideas;
• Read quarterly research reports so you can see the picture for the months ahead.

In other words, gather as much diverse information as possible so you can objectively assess your company's and industry's prospects.

Don't Trade Without Signals

Every professional trader and investor has their own system for making decisions. A trading system is a set of signals characterizing a particular market condition: growth of sellers' or buyers' strength, reaching support or resistance levels, formation of overbought or oversold patterns, and others.

The signals may be represented by:

Patterns based on technical indicators;
Chart patterns;
Data from news, reports, and other releases.

Often the difference between beginners and professional investors is that the former make decisions about opening and closing trades intuitively and emotionally, while the latter make decisions based on specific signals. When investors see the stock index go down, they start selling their securities to protect themselves from more losses.

But what to do when the stock market falls? Wait out the fall and buy stocks on a new upswing. At the same time, you can always make a profit when the market is falling.

Stick To Money Management Rules

Every trader and investor understands at a certain stage that you can make money with the help of almost any strategy, as long as you follow the rules of risk management. No effective trading strategy yields proper results without a certain approach to capital management. Depending on the trading approach an investor may increase or decrease the risk. However, if one stops to apply the money management rules completely, even the most profitable trading strategy will become disastrous.

How To Choose Stocks For Investing?

There are a huge number of stocks and other securities on the market. A reasonable question arises: "Where is the best place to invest money for a beginning investor?" Let's start by looking at stock types, and then discuss how to always stay one step ahead of the market.

Stock Types

Almost all stocks of interest to investors can be roughly divided into two large groups:

• Growth stocks
• Value stocks

Growth stocks are securities of promising companies that are growing at a rate faster than the industry. Typically, companies at this stage do not pay dividends as they reinvest significant amounts of capital in business development. For example, Apple stock has been among the growth stocks for quite some time. The company offered a product of unique quality and characteristics, which provided it with explosive growth and investors with enormous profits.

Value stocks are securities of established companies whose face value is currently well below the potential market price. In other words, these are shares of companies that already have stable business and development prospects, but for some reason, their share price is quoted below the average market value.

The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio), which is calculated as the ratio of the price per share to the net income per share, is used to estimate the stock's value.

Value stocks tend to have a P/E ratio below the market average. In other words, if you see a promising company that consistently pays dividends and has a P/E ratio of 10 - with an industry average of 25 - it may well be a value stock. As a result, it could be considered for purchase in anticipation of a price increase before the P/E aligns with the industry average.

How To Choose The Right Stocks To Buy?

Every investor asks the question, "Which stocks to choose to invest in?" There is no one-size-fits-all answer, as there are a large number of strategies. We suggest going straight to practice: let's consider the actual market situation, highlight the key features and offer variants of actions. The picture above shows the change in the value of the shares of the S&P 500 Index. The red color indicates securities whose prices are decreasing within the trading day, and the green one - increasing. The larger the size of the rectangle, the higher the market capitalization of the company.

What does it mean?

Let's highlight the key points:

• The market is going down at the same time. Quite often this map of companies can be seen in two colors: predominantly green or red. This suggests that if the entire market is up, even companies with not-so-good prospects are likely to be up. Conversely, when an index is falling, it is risky enough to open buy trades on individual companies.
• In times of market panic, there are whole sectors that are rising. Consider the green areas: consumer electronics, communication services, internet retail, auto manufacturing..
• Significant price declines in promising stocks are a great opportunity to find bargains to buy. Let's take the example of Chevron. In the screenshot it is in the right side: CVX  -4.44%. How do you interpret the result?

On the one hand, the company is experiencing local difficulties, which are reflected in the decline in its value. On the other hand, it can soon be bought much cheaper in anticipation of new growth. All other things being equal, this indicates that these funds expect the value of the company's stock to increase. This may be one reason to keep a close eye on CVX stock: once there are more clear signals of growth recovery, they could be considered for short- to medium-term purchases.

The Most Profitable Investments: How To Always Outpace The Market

Let's look at one of the most effective approaches used in analyzing the growth potential of a company's stock. For convenience and clarity, let's call it a "top-down" analysis. The name implies that we analyze any market from more to less. Let's review the main stages of the analysis:

• Analysis of the dynamics of the world economy. At this stage, we study the global processes which are characteristic of most developed countries at this moment in time. The result of the analysis can be written in one sentence.
• For example, from 2020 to 2021, many countries followed monetary stimulus policies: lowering key interest rates and increasing the money supply – and this led to a rise in stock markets, as people had more money and invested it en masse.
• From the second half of 2021 to 2022, the policy changed dramatically. Because of skyrocketing prices, central banks began to tighten monetary policy – raising key interest rates and shrinking the money supply – and the stock market stopped growing rapidly.
• A detailed review of the news and current macroeconomic statistics, as well as trading recommendations based on them, are published daily on our website.

Macroeconomic overviews are aimed at revealing the narrower peculiarities of a particular economy. This is often where you can find answers to the question of what are the peculiarities of the stock market. A country's stock market is a collection of companies that have issued shares on a given state's stock exchange. Often most of these companies represent the national economy. Therefore, the nature of economic development can suggest the future dynamics of the stock market.

For example, if the economy is growing at the expense of new technologies, it is the realization of breakthrough innovations and inventions that can provide growth to the stock market. If the economy grows at the expense of natural resources, the dynamics of the stock market largely depend on the supply and demand ratio of these resources in the world market and the country's role in the global supply.

The industry outlook is studied to identify key strengths and weaknesses of the sector shortly. The economy is cyclical, so certain industries may prosper at different times and experience difficulties at others. If an industry is growing and has good prospects, many of its constituent companies are of interest to investors and traders.

Analysis of a particular company. If you've been wondering, "Where to invest?" this is where you might get the long-awaited answer. There are many ways to assess a company's investment appeal. However, to summarize, the most important thing is to find the answer to the question, "What are the company's prospects?" If promising, then the stock is interesting to buy. If not, then - although it is often riskier – you can consider short positions.

In addition, we advise all novice investors who want to succeed in the stock market to keep an eye on what insiders - employees of companies – are doing. This information is available in the open when trading many stocks.